This time we’re going to look at count and non-count nouns. Remember that nouns are people, places, or things.
Count nouns can be counted, which means you can also make them plural. Remember that plural means more than one. For example, the word “teacher.” Can you count teachers? Of course – one teacher, two teachers, three teachers, four teachers. The noun “teacher,” then, is a count noun.
Non-count nouns can’t be counted, and they’re almost always singular. Remember that singular means one. For example, the word “air.” Can you count air? Of course not – we never say one air, two airs, three airs, etc. So “air” is a non-count noun.
To learn more, watch the video above, then take the quiz to test your knowledge:
Regular past tense verbs are easy to remember – you usually just add an “ed.” But with irregular past tense verbs you need to change the spelling even more. Here’s a list of some very common ones that you might find useful:
Count (also known as countable) nouns can be counted, which means you can also make them plural. Remember that plural means more than one. For example, the word “teacher.” Can you count teachers? Of course – one teacher, two teachers, three teachers, four teachers. The noun “teacher,” then, is a count noun.
Non-count (or non-countable) nouns can’t be counted, and they’re almost always singular. Remember that singular means one. For example, the word “air.” Can you count air? Of course not – we never say one air, two airs, three airs, etc. So “air” is a non-count noun.
To learn more, watch the following video, then take the quiz to test your knowledge:
Basically, you use “many” with plural count nouns. For example: many people, many apples, many problems, many friends. You can use “many” in statements and questions, affirmative or negative.
“Much,” on the other hand, is used with non-count nouns. For example: much money, much homework, much coffee, much trouble. But we only use “much” in questions and negative statements. For example: “I don’t have much money. How much money do you have?” We do not say “I have much money.”
In this case, we say “I have a lot of money.” “A lot of” can be used with count or non-count nouns – it doesn’t matter! It can also be used in questions and statements, negative or affirmative. But if we begin the question with “how,” then we have to use either “much” or “many.” We can’t say “How a lot of money do you have?’
Watch this video for some extra practice, then take the quiz to test your knowledge:
One difficult part of English is articles – but we use them a lot, so it’s important to know them. There are three articles in the English language: “a,” “an,” and “the.”
“A” and “an” are called indefinite articles because they are used when we talk about something in general, or when we talk about something for the first time. We use “an” when the next word begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) and we use “a” with words that begin with a consonant (all the other letters in the alphabet). In addition, we only use “a” and “an” with singular count nouns:
There was an earthquake in Japan two years ago.
How much does a new car cost?
Is there a bathroom in this building?
“The,” on the other hand, is a definite article.We use it when we’re talking about something specific, or when we continue to talk about something we’ve introduced. “The” can be used for singular or plural nouns, count or non-count:
The people in my class are very friendly.
The refrigerator is broken!
I took the F Train this morning.
Read the following story, and pay special attention to the articles:
Last night I found acockroach in my kitchen. The cockroach was very big and very fast. I picked up anewspaper to kill it, but thenewspaper was too soft. Then I picked up afrying pan. I was able to kill thecockroach, but then I had to wash the frying pan. I washed the frying pan in the sink, but when I finished, I saw asecond cockroach. Thesecond cockroach was even bigger than thefirst one!
Now watch the video lesson to learn more, then you can take the quiz to test your knowledge!
Time for some more grammar. This time, we’re looking at adjectives ending in -ed and -ing.
Adjectives describe nouns.
Many adjectives end in “ed” and “ing” – like bored and boring, excited and exciting, interesting and interested. But it’s sometimes confusing which form you should use.
Basically, you use adjectives ending in “ed” when describing how someone feels. So you should usually say “I’m bored” instead of “I’m boring,” “I’m confused” rather than “I’m confusing,” and “I’m tired,” not “I’m tiring.”
You use adjectives ending in “ing” when you describe something that causes the feeling. For example, “The movie was boring,” or “My English class is interesting,” or “The book was very exciting.”
Here’s a video which explains it further. After you watch the video, take the quiz to test your knowledge.
