Ramadan is a month of intense prayer, dawn-to-dusk fasting and nightly feasts. 
Here are some questions and answers about Islam’s holiest month:


WHY DO PEOPLE FAST DURING RAMADAN?


The fast is intended to bring the faithful closer to God and to remind them of the suffering of those less fortunate. Ramadan is a time to detach from worldly pleasures and focus on one’s inner self.
 It’s seen as a way to physically and spiritually purify, refraining from habits such as smoking and caffeine. 

HOW DO PEOPLE FAST?

Muslims who observe Ramadan abstain from eating and drinking from dawn to dusk for the entire month of Ramadan. A single sip of water is enough to invalidate the fast.
Just before the fast, Muslims have a pre-dawn meal of power foods to get them through the day, the “suhoor.” Egyptians eat mashed fava beans called “ful,” spiced with cumin and olive oil, while in Lebanon and Syria, popular suhoor food is flatbread with thyme, cheese, or yogurt. In Afghanistan, people eat dates and dumplings stuffed with potato and leeks, first steamed, then fried.

CAN A PERSON BE EXEMPTED FROM FASTING?

Yes. There are exceptions for children, the elderly, those who are ill, women who are pregnant, and people traveling, which can include athletes during tournaments.
 


HOW DO PEOPLE MARK THE END OF RAMADAN?

The end of Ramadan is marked by intense worship as observing Muslims seek to have their prayers answered during “Laylat al-Qadr” or “the Night of Destiny.” It is on this night, which falls during the last 10 nights of Ramadan, that Muslims believe that God sent the Angel Gabriel to the Prophet Muhammad and revealed the first verses of the Quran. 
The end of Ramadan is celebrated by a three-day holiday called Eid Al-Fitr. Children often receive new clothes, gifts, and cash. Muslims attend early morning Eid prayers the day after Ramadan. Families usually spend the day at parks and eating — now during the day.

Source: https://www.arabnews.com/node/935516/islam-perspective